Properties of DMLS/SLM materials
This page lists the available DMLS/SLS materials and presents their properties, as they are relevant for application of design rules.
Maraging steel MS1
EOS Maraging Steel MS1 steel corresponds to US classification 18% Ni Maraging 300 steel, European 1.2709 steel and German X3NiCoMoTi 18-9-5 steel. The chemical composition is presented in the following table:
| Material composition (weight %) |
| Fe | Ni | Co | Mo | Ti | Al | Cr | Cu | C | Mn | Si | P | S |
| balance | 17‑19 | 8.5‑9.5 | 4.5‑5.2 | 0.6-0.8 | 0.05-0.15 | <0.5 | | <0.03 | <0.1 | | <0.01 | |
This kind of steel is characterized by having very good mechanical properties, and being easily heat treatable using a simple thermal age-hardening process to obtain excellent hardness and strength.
Parts built from EOS Maraging Steel MS1 are easily machinable after the building process, and can be hardened to more than 50 HRC using age-hardening at 490 °C for 6 hours. Both in as-built and age-hardened states the parts can be machined, spark-eroded, welded, micro shot-peened, polished and coated if required. Due to the layerwise building method, the parts have a certain anisotropy, which can be reduced or removed by appropriate heat treatment.
| Mechanical properties |
| Property | Value |
| Tensile strength |
| -building direction | 1100±150 MPa |
| -transversal direction | 1200±100 MPA |
| Yield strength |
| -building direction | 930±150 MPa |
| -transversal direction | 1100±150 MPa |
| Elongation at break |
| -building direction | ? |
| -transversal direction | 12±4 % |
| Modulus of elasticity |
| -building direction | 140±25 MPa |
| -transversal direction | 150±25 MPa |
| Hardness | 33-37 HRC |
| Thermal properties |
| Property | Value |
| Thermal conductivity | 15±0.8 W/mK |
| Specific heat capacity | 450±20 J/kgK |
| Max. operating temp. | 4000C |
| Product properties |
| Property | Value |
| Layer thickness |
| Surface regime | 20 μm |
| Performance regime | 40 μm |
| Speed regime | 50 μm |
| Density | 8.0-8.1 g/cm3 |
| Relative density | ≈100% |
| Dimension accuracy |
| -small parts | ±20μm |
| -large parts | ±50μm |
| Age-hardening shrink | ≈0.08% |
| Min. wall thickness | 0.3-0.4 mm |
| Surface roughness |
| Performance regime |
| Ra | 5 μm |
| Rz | 28 μm |
| Speed regime |
| Ra | 9 μm |
| Rz | 50 μm |
| After shot-peening |
| Ra | 4-6.5 μm |
| Rz | 20-50 μm |
| After polishing |
| Rz | <0.5μm |
Stainless steel PH1
EOS Stainless Steel PH1 is a pre-alloyed stainless steel in fine powder form. The chemical compositions of EOS Stainless Steel PH1 conforms to the compositions of DIN 1.4540 and UNS S15500, and it is presented in the following table:
| Material composition (weight %) |
| Fe | Cr | Ni | Cu | Mn | Si | C | Mo | Nb |
| balance | 14‑15.5 | 3.5-5.5 | 2.5‑4.5 | <1.0 | <1.0 | <0.07 | <0.5 | 0.15-0.45 |
This kind of steel is characterized by having good corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties, especially in the precipitation hardened state. This type of steel is widely used in variety of engineering applications requiring high hardness, strength and corrosion resistance.
This material is ideal for many part-building applications (DirectPart) such as functional metal prototypes, small series products, individualized products or spare parts. Standard processing parameters use full melting of the entire geometry with 20 μm layer thickness. Using standard parameters the mechanical properties are fairly uniform in all directions. Parts made from EOS Stainless Steel PH1 can be machined, spark-eroded, welded, micro shot-peened, polished and coated if required.
| Mechanical properties |
| Property | Value |
| Tensile strength | As built | Heat treatment |
| -building direction | 1200±50 MPa | 1450±100 MPa |
| -transversal direction | 1200±50 MPa | 1440±100 MPa |
| Yield strength | As built | Heat treatment |
| -building direction | 930±75 MPa | 1300±100 MPa |
| -transversal direction | 1025±85 MPa | 1350±100 MPa |
| Elongation at break | As built | Heat treatment |
| -building direction | 14±4 % | 13±3 % |
| -transversal direction | 17±4 % | 15±3 % |
| Modulus of elasticity | As built | Heat treatment |
| -building direction | ? | ? |
| -transversal direction | ? | ? |
| Hardness | ? | |
| Product properties |
| Property | Value |
| Layer thickness | 20μm |
| Density | 7.7 g/cm3 |
| Relative density | ≈100% |
| Dimension accuracy | |
| -small parts | ±20-50 μm |
| -large parts | ± 0.2% |
| Min. wall thickness | 0.4 mm |
| Surface roughness | |
| After shot-peening | |
| Ra | 5 μm |
| Rz | 25 μm |
| After polishing | |
| Rz | <0.5μm |
Maraging stainless steel CX
EOS Stainless Steel CX is a tooling grade steel characterized by good corrosion resistance combined with high strength and hardness. The chemical composition is given in the following table:
| Material composition (weight %) |
| Fe | Cr | Ni | Mo | Al | Mn | So | C |
| balance | 11-13 | 8.4-10 | 1.1-1.7 | 1.2-2.0 | <0.4 | <0.4 | <0,05 |
This material is intended for:
engineering applications including functional prototypes, small series products, individualized products or spare parts;
parts requiring high corrosion resistance, sterility, etc.
parts requiring particularly high hardness and strength.
| Mechanical properties |
| Property | Value |
| Tensile strength |
| As built | 1080 MPa |
| Heat-treated | 1760 MPa |
| Yield strength |
| As built | 840 MPa |
| Heat-treated | 1070 MPa |
| Elongation at break |
| As built | 0,14 |
| Heat-treated | 0,07 |
| Modulus of elasticity |
| -building direction | ? |
| -transversal direction | ? |
| Hardness | > 51 HRC |
| Product properties |
| Property | Value |
| Layer thickness | 30 μm |
| Density | 7.7 g/cm3 |
| Relative density | ≈100% |
| Dimension accuracy | |
| -small parts | ? |
| -large parts | ? |
| Min. wall thickness | ? |
| Surface roughness | |
| After shot-peening | |
| Ra | 5 μm |
| Rz | 25 μm |
| After polishing | |
| Rz | ? |